如何在 Fedora 39 上安装 Apache Kafka

Apache Kafka 和 Java 是两个强大的工具，在软件开发领域被广泛使用。Apache Kafka 是一个开源分布式事件流平台，数千家公司使用它进行高吞吐量、低延迟的消息传递。

在 Fedora 39 上安装 Apache Kafka

步骤 1。在安装 Java 之前，最好更新您的 Fedora 系统以确保您拥有最新的软件包。打开终端并输入以下命令：

sudo dnf clean all
sudo dnf update

Step 2. Installing Java.

To install Java, use the dnf install command followed by the package name of the Java version you want to install. For example, to install OpenJDK 11, you would use the following command:

sudo dnf install java-11-openjdk.x86_64

To confirm that Java has been successfully installed, you can check the Java version on your system with the following command:

java --version

Step 3. Installing Apache Kafka on Fedora 39.

You can download the latest version of Apache Kafka from the official Apache Kafka website. Choose the binary download that matches your system’s architecture:

wget https://downloads.apache.org/kafka/3.6.1/kafka_2.13-3.6.1.tgz

This command downloads the Kafka 3.6.1 version. Replace the version number in the URL with the version you want to download.

After downloading the Kafka tar.gz file, you need to extract it. You can do this using the tar command:

sudo tar -xzf /opt/kafka_2.13-3.6.1.tgz -C /opt

Rename the extracted directory to kafka:

sudo mv /opt/kafka_2.13-3.6.1 /opt/kafka

Assign ownership of the Kafka directory to your current user:

sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /opt/kafka

Step 4. Configure Kafka Server.

Kafka relies on Apache ZooKeeper for coordination between nodes. By default, Kafka is configured to run ZooKeeper but we will use the standalone mode. Open server.properties:

nano /opt/kafka/config/server.properties

Set the following to use standalone mode:

zookeeper.connect=localhost:2181

Also, edit the log directories to:

log.dirs=/tmp/kafka-logs

Save and close the file when done.

Step 5. Start Apache Kafka Server.

You can start the Kafka server by running the following command:

cd /opt/kafka/bin

./kafka-server-start.sh ../config/server.properties

This will start Kafka in the foreground. To start it in the background, use:

./kafka-server-start.sh -daemon ../config/server.properties

Step 6. Creating Kafka Topics.

 Kafka organizes data streams into topics. Let’s create a test topic named test:

./kafka-topics.sh --create --topic test --partitions 1 --replication-factor 1 --bootstrap-server localhost:9092

This creates a topic with 1 partition and 1 replica.

List the topics to confirm:

./kafka-topics.sh --list --bootstrap-server localhost:9092

You should see the test topic listed.

Step 7. Test Kafka.

To verify that Kafka is working correctly, start a console producer to publish some test messages:

./kafka-console-producer.sh --topic test --bootstrap-server localhost:9092

This will open an input prompt. Type a few messages and hit enter to publish them:

Message 1
Message 2
Message 3

Next, consume those messages:

./kafka-console-consumer.sh --topic test --from-beginning --bootstrap-server localhost:9092

You should see the published messages printed in the consumer output. Use Ctrl+C to stop the producer and consumer.

Step 8. Configure Systemd Service

To ensure Kafka starts automatically when the system boots up, we will create a systemd service file.

Create a file named kafka.service:

sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/kafka.service

Add the following:

[Unit]
Description=Apache Kafka Server
Documentation=http://kafka.apache.org/documentation.html
Requires=network.target remote-fs.target
After=network.target remote-fs.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=kafka
ExecStart=/opt/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh /opt/kafka/config/server.properties
ExecStop=/opt/kafka/bin/kafka-server-stop.sh
Restart=on-abnormal

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Save and close the file when done, then reload systemd to pick up the new service:

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

Now start Kafka and enable it to start on boot:

sudo systemctl start kafka
sudo systemctl enable kafka

Check the status with:

sudo systemctl status kafka

Congratulations! You have successfully installed Apache Kafka. Thanks for using this tutorial for installing Apache Kafka on your Fedora 39 system. For additional or useful information, we recommend you check the official Apache website.